Bulldozer B12

are designed to perform the large volume of earth-moving operations at wide range of the ambient temperatures (±50° С) and to develop the various grounds including the frozen soils and rock as well as the grounds of increased humidity.
The six-cylinder V-type diesel engine JAMZ-236B-4 is installed on this tractor. Its size is 130х140 mm; the rated power is 230 hp at 1800 rpm. The engine is equipped with the turbo-supercharging and the liquid-oil heat exchanger designed for oil cooling. The specific fuel consumption does not exceed 162 g/hp h; the relative oil consumption vs fuel consumption, burning loss is 0.5%. The engine is installed on the tractor frame on the shock absorbers. The fan of pushing type ensures the required temperature mode of the engine cooling liquid and of the transmission oil due to the return airflow. As a result the cooler clogging is decreased as well as the heat load on a cab during the summer season. If necessary, the straight flow fan impeller can be installed when operating during the cold seasons.
The tractors Т12 are equipped with the reverse hydraulic mechanical transmission (HMT) ensuring three forward gears (maximum traverse speed 3.42; 6.07 and 9.57 km/hour, respectively) and three reverse gears (maximum traverse speed 4.25; 7.54 and 11.87 km/hour). Three-wheeled torque converter with working diameter 410 and with transformation ratio increased up to 2.95 (against 2.2 of the tractor equipped with engine D-180) is assembled as a common body with the reduction gear ensuring the tractor system hydraulic pump drive as well as the independent power take-off to the various units (for instance, the pull winches).
The planetary five-series gearbox is joined to the torque converter driven shaft with the cardan and is fastened to the front wall of the steering clutch casing.
The balancing beam is hinged to the bogies connecting them as a whole system increasing the reliability of the component parts and bogie balance pivots.
The final drives are designed as the independent unit (module) that can be installed as a whole on the tractor frame. These are the two-stage mechanisms: the first stage - cylindrical pair of pinions, the second one - planetary row. The final drive ratio increased up to 19.63 allows increasing the traction force at significant load decrease affecting all elements of power train (including the steering clutches and the brakes, the bevel drives, etc). Replacement of the driving wheels together with the sectors in case of their wear-out does not require the tractor disassembling. The unit sealing is ensured with the self-tightening washers Duo Cone (the seals of the same type are applied in the rollers and the idlers of running gear).
The cab equipped with the emergency and ventilation hatchway was modernized according to the up-to-date tendencies aimed to ensure the comfort operation conditions, i.e. to achieve the maximum capacity of operator for work together with his minimal tiredness. The operator seat is comfortable and safety due to ROPS/FOPS and safety belt as well as to the control levers with easy access. The harmful substance content in a cab is minimized according to the state standards due to the engine and cab installation on the shock absorbers, to the cab tightness, to the use of a heater fan, conditioner, heat-and-noise insulating mat and wall panels. The tractors are designed with two types of bulldozer equipment: semispherical (Е) and straight blade (В). Two types of rippers can be installed: three-toothed (Р) and single-toothed ripper (Н).

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